Andrea Gianni Cristoforo Nardini
Andrea Gianni Cristoforo Nardini
Institution: Fundación CREACUA, Calle 1A n.1-109, Riohacha, La Guajira 440001, Colombia
Email: Nardiniok@gmail.com
This paper provides a schematic, conceptual trip across a set of paradigms that can be adopted to design flood control actions and the associated river setting, including the space allocated to the river. By building on such paradigms, it eventually delineates an integrated approach to identify a so...
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This paper provides a schematic, conceptual trip across a set of paradigms that can be adopted to design flood control actions and the associated river setting, including the space allocated to the river. By building on such paradigms, it eventually delineates an integrated approach to identify a socially desirable river setting, under a climate changing reality. The key point addressed is that when residual Risk and Operation, Management and Replacement costs are considered to their full extent, even a basic economic analysis may suggest alternative river settings that can be more attractive, particularly if accompanied by suitable economic-administrative management measures. Emphasis is put on the deep uncertainty characterizing the whole decision problem and on the need for a drastic change of paradigm. The approach proposed can greatly improve current Flood Risk Management Plans responding to the European Flood Directive (Directive 2007/60/EC). It can also help to develop constructive dialogues with stakeholders, while enhancing the understanding of the problem. Although mainly intended to address a conceptual level, it also aims at providing an applicable method.
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1 year ago
Kernel Density Estimation is a powerful tool that can be used to extract information about the underlying plumbing system in zones of distributed volcanism. Different approaches concerning the form in which this tool should be applied, however, exist on the literature. One of those approaches sustai...
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Kernel Density Estimation is a powerful tool that can be used to extract information about the underlying plumbing system in zones of distributed volcanism. Different approaches concerning the form in which this tool should be applied, however, exist on the literature. One of those approaches sustains that an unbiased selection of a parameter known as the bandwidth is preferable to other alternatives because it reduces biases on the analysis. Nevertheless, there are more than 30 different forms in which a bandwidth can be “objectively” selected, therefore questioning the meaning of “objectivity” on the selection of a method used for its calculation. Furthermore, as shown in this work, the range of allowed “objective” choices of the bandwidth is not much different from a typical range that could be selected subjectively. Consequently, instead of focusing on the question of “what is the best method?” it is shown here that a more informative approach is to focus on the questions of “what are the special values of different methods, and what are their several advantageous applicabilities?”. The benefits of this shift in approach are illustrated with application to three locations of volcanic interest that have a previously well-constrained volcanic structure.
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1 year ago
Ali A. Lafta
Ali A. Lafta
Institution: Department of Marine Physics, Marine Science Center, University of Basrah,
Email: ali.lafta@uobasrah.edu.iq
The influence of Karun river inflow on salinity intrusion from the Arabian Gulf towards the upper reaches of the Shatt Al-Arab river estuary was evaluated by using Mike11, a one-dimensional numerical modeling technique. The simulations results indicated that, during the moderate and low flow conditi...
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The influence of Karun river inflow on salinity intrusion from the Arabian Gulf towards the upper reaches of the Shatt Al-Arab river estuary was evaluated by using Mike11, a one-dimensional numerical modeling technique. The simulations results indicated that, during the moderate and low flow conditions of the Shatt Al-Arab river, freshwater inflow from Karun river at 10 and 40 m3/s, respectively, could be capable of keeping salinity extent to not exceeded the confluence location of these two rivers. Additionally, the results indicated that in the case of a sharp decline of Karun river inflow, additional releasing of freshwater from the Tigris river can completely compensate for the Karun inflow. While in the case of cut off of Tigris river, the Karun inflow in the range of 60 m3/s could be able to keep salinity extent beyond the Abo Flous station during the simulation period. Furthermore, the possibility of discharging water with high levels of salinity from the farming projects located at the lower basin of Karun river towards the Shatt Al-Arab river estuary was taken into account. In such cases, the results suggested that during low and moderate flow conditions, freshwater inflow by about 250 and 225 m3/s, respectively, should be released from the Karun river to remains salinity extent below the Abo Flous location. A water management policy agreement between Iraq and Iran could be an effective solution to the salinity issue both in the Shatt Al-Arab river estuary as well as Karun river.
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1 year ago
New investigations in the Western Caucasus contribute to the understanding of granite pseudokarst (sensu lato) and megaclasts linked to river erosion. A plot on the bank of the Belaya River (Mountainous Adygeya, Western Caucasus) was selected to examine diverse and abundant pseudokarst features (sma...
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New investigations in the Western Caucasus contribute to the understanding of granite pseudokarst (sensu lato) and megaclasts linked to river erosion. A plot on the bank of the Belaya River (Mountainous Adygeya, Western Caucasus) was selected to examine diverse and abundant pseudokarst features (small rock basins, hollows, potholes, and channels) and large clasts. Morphological analysis of these features clarifies their general characteristics and genetic interpretations. Pseudokarst features can be classified into two major categories, namely the relatively small (<1 m) and large (>1 m) features. Potholes, which are usually 1–3 m in size, are the most characteristic features occurring on two levels, i.e., on steep walls of the gorge (half-filled with river water) and on slightly inclined surfaces of a terrace-like landform (subaerial exposure). In both cases, their walls from the side of the river are broken. Apparently, these potholes were formed on the river bottom. Subsequent incision of the gorge elevated potholes and the river has eroded them from one side. Apparently, some pseudokarst features are related to macroturbulent flood flows and granite weathering. Due to its scientific uniqueness and aesthetic attractiveness, this granite pseudokarst constitutes geoheritage, which can be exploited for the purposes of geoscience research and geotourism development.
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1 year ago
Maciej Główczynski
Maciej Główczynski
Institution: Faculty of Human Geography and Planning, Adam Mickiewicz University, Pozna ´n, Krygowskiego
Email: macglo@amu.edu.pl
Spatial media bring out new forms of interaction with places, leading to the emergence of new ways of embodying the experience. The perception of place and its dynamics of change has been multiplied by the emergence of digital platforms, which create many and varied representations of place in spati...
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Spatial media bring out new forms of interaction with places, leading to the emergence of new ways of embodying the experience. The perception of place and its dynamics of change has been multiplied by the emergence of digital platforms, which create many and varied representations of place in spatial media. These representations are dependent on the digital platforms’ ecosystem, formed by platform-specific mechanisms of digital placemaking. The study applied text mining techniques and statistical methods to explore the role of user-generated content as a digital placemaking practice in shaping place experience. The online reviews were collected from Google Maps for 23 places from Poznań, Poland. The analysis showed that place experience is described by three dimensions: attributes, practices and atmosphere, or place practices that most closely reflect the specificity of a place. The place attributes blurred the boundaries between their digital images, whereas the atmosphere dimension reduces the diversity and uniqueness of the place. In conclusion, user-generated content (UGC) as an element of the process of digital placemaking increases place awareness and democratizes human participation in its creation, yet it affects its reduction to homogeneous information processed through mechanisms operating within a given digital platform.
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1 year ago
Imene Bareche
Imene Bareche
Institution: School of Computer Science and Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,
Email: l201610003@stu.cqupt.edu.cn
The magnitude of highly dynamic spatial data is expanding rapidly due to the instantaneous evolution of mobile technology, resulting in challenges for continuous queries. We propose a novel indexing approach model, namely, the Velocity SpatioTemporal indexing approach (VeST), for continuous queries,...
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The magnitude of highly dynamic spatial data is expanding rapidly due to the instantaneous evolution of mobile technology, resulting in challenges for continuous queries. We propose a novel indexing approach model, namely, the Velocity SpatioTemporal indexing approach (VeST), for continuous queries, mainly Continuous K-nearest Neighbor (CKNN) and continuous range queries using Apache Spark. The proposed structure is based on a selective velocity partitioning method, i.e., since different objects have varying speeds, we divide the objects into two sets according to the actual mean speed we calculate before building the index and accessing data. Then the adopted indexing structure base unit comprises a nonoverlapping R-tree and a two dimension grid. The tree divides the space into nonoverlapping minimum bounding regions that point to the grids. Then, the uniform grid stores the object data of leaf nodes. This access method reduces the update cost and improves response time and query precision. In order to enhance performances for large-scale processing, we design a compact multilayer index structure on a distributed setting and propose a CKNN search algorithm for accurate results using a candidate cell identification process. We provide a comprehensive vision of our indexing model and the adopted query technique. The simulation results show that for query intervals of 100, the proposed approach is 13.59 times faster than the traditional approach, and the average time of the VeST approach is less than 0.005 for all query intervals. This proposed method improves response time and query precision. The precision of the VeST algorithm is almost equal to 100% regardless of the length of the query interval.
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1 year ago
A thermal metric developed using the day-to-day temperature variability framework that was previously applied to the east coast of China has been adapted for Canadian climate station data. The same metric, based on the variability of the minimum temperature of the day, was able to distinguish betwee...
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A thermal metric developed using the day-to-day temperature variability framework that was previously applied to the east coast of China has been adapted for Canadian climate station data. The same metric, based on the variability of the minimum temperature of the day, was able to distinguish between coastal and inland stations, especially when the winter months of December, January and February, were removed from the analysis. While the threshold of the metric that distinguished between the two groups was different than that developed for the east coast of China, it was nonetheless unambiguous. The range of latitudes in the Canadian setting was sufficiently narrow that a latitude correction, as was performed for the China climate stations, was not required. A comparison with a more traditional measure of continentality suggests that the thermal variability measure performs better at identifying the coastal/continental nature of the climate station data. This work also suggests that a more nuanced treatment of winter months should be considered for all such measures in colder climates.
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1 year ago
